Last Modified 6.28.2025

How To Install the Apache on Ubuntu

You need to have Java and Tomcat installed to follow the steps below.

Installing Apache

sudo apt update
sudo apt install apache2 libapache2-mod-jk

Access http://localhost to confirm that the software is running properly.

Setting Up Virtual Hosts

Create the directory for java-school.net, using the -p flag to create any necessary parent directories:

sudo mkdir -p /var/www/java-school.net/html

Assign ownership of the directory:

sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /var/www/java-school.net/html

Create a sample index.html.

sudo vi /var/www/java-school.net/html/index.html

<html>
<body>
Welcome to java-school.net
</body>
</html>

Make a new virtual host file at /etc/apache2/sites-available/java-school.net.conf.

sudo vi /etc/apache2/sites-available/java-school.net.conf

<VirtualHost *:80>
  # The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that
  # the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating
  # redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName
  # specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to
  # match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this
  # value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless.
  # However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly.
  ServerName java-school.net
  ServerAlias www.java-school.net
  ServerAdmin admin@java-school.net
  DocumentRoot /var/www/java-school/html

  # Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
  # error, crit, alert, emerg.
  # It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
  # modules, e.g.
  #LogLevel info ssl:warn

  ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
  CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

  # For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are
  # enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to
  # include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the
  # following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only
  # after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf".
  #Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf
</VirtualHost>

Enable the file with a2ensite:

sudo a2ensite java-school.net.conf

Disable the default site defined in 000-default.conf.

sudo a2dissite 000-default.conf

Restart Apache to implement your changes.

sudo service apache2 restart

Access http://localhost to confirm that the index.html is running.

Integrating Apache Web Server with Tomcat

Open the workers.properties file and modify the workers.tomcat_home and workers.java_home settings.

Confirm tomcat_home

/usr/share/tomcat10/bin/version.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/share/tomcat10
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/share/tomcat10
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/share/tomcat10/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/share/tomcat10/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/share/tomcat10/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:
Server version: Apache Tomcat/10.1.16 (Ubuntu)
Server built:   Dec 3 2023 12:31:22 UTC
Server number:  10.1.16.0
OS Name:        Linux
OS Version:     6.11.0-26-generic
Architecture:   amd64
JVM Version:    21.0.7+6-Ubuntu-0ubuntu124.04
JVM Vendor:     Ubuntu

Confirm java_home

mvn -v
Apache Maven 3.8.7
Maven home: /usr/share/maven
Java version: 21.0.7, vendor: Ubuntu, runtime: /usr/lib/jvm/java-21-openjdk-amd64
Default locale: ko_KR, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "6.11.0-26-generic", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"

sudo vi /etc/libapache2-mod-jk/workers.properties

#
# workers.tomcat_home should point to the location where you
# installed tomcat. This is where you have your conf, webapps and lib
# directories.
#
workers.tomcat_home=/usr/share/tomcat10

#
# workers.java_home should point to your Java installation. Normally
# you should have a bin and lib directories beneath it.
#
workers.java_home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-21-openjdk-amd64

#
# Defining a worker named ajp13_worker and of type ajp13
# Note that the name and the type do not have to match.
#
worker.ajp13_worker.port=8009
worker.ajp13_worker.host=localhost
worker.ajp13_worker.type=ajp13
#
# Specifies the load balance factor when used with
# a load balancing worker.
# Note:
#  ----> lbfactor must be > 0
#  ----> Low lbfactor means less work done by the worker.
worker.ajp13_worker.lbfactor=1
worker.ajp13_worker.secret=testkey

#
# Specify the size of the open connection cache.
#worker.ajp13_worker.cachesize

#
#------ DEFAULT LOAD BALANCER WORKER DEFINITION ----------------------
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
#

#
# The loadbalancer (type lb) workers perform wighted round-robin
# load balancing with sticky sessions.
# Note:
#  ----> If a worker dies, the load balancer will check its state
#        once in a while. Until then all work is redirected to peer
#        workers.
worker.loadbalancer.type=lb
worker.loadbalancer.balance_workers=ajp13_worker

Add the following to the virtual hosts.

sudo vi /etc/apache2/sites-available/java-school.net.conf

ServerAdmin javaschool@gmail.org
ServerName java-school.net
ServerAlias www.java-school.net
DocumentRoot /var/www/java-school.net/html
JkMount /* ajp13_worker

Open the server.xml file.

sudo vi /etc/tomcat10/server.xml

<!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->
<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
      address="0.0.0.0"
      secret="testkey"
      port="8009"
      redirectPort="8443"
      maxParameterCount="1000"
      />

Add the jvmRoute="ajp13_worker" as shown below.

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="ajp13_worker">

Restart apache and tomcat.

sudo service apache2 restart
sudo service tomcat10 restart

Visit http://localhost to see if Tomcat's root application is responding.

Copy static elements to the /var/www/java-school.net/html

sudo cp favicon.ico /var/www/java-school.net/html/
sudo cp -r static/ /var/www/java-school.net/html/

Modify the virtual host file so that Apache serves the static elements of the Tomcat root application.

sudo vi /etc/apache2/sites-available/java-school.net.conf

ServerAdmin javaschool@gmail.org
ServerName java-school.net
ServerAlias www.java-school.net
DocumentRoot /var/www/java-school.net/html
JkUnMount /favicon.ico ajp13_worker
JkUnMount /static/* ajp13_worker
JkMount /* ajp13_worker

sudo service apache2 restart
sudo service tomcat10 restart

Revisit http://localhost.

References